"Institutionalism" (SAGE 2007) captured a good deal of the literature at the time it was published; however, there have been numerous excellent contributions to the literature since that time. These newer articles merit another readily-available collection,...
2012, SAGE Publications Ltd...
Book, Hardback, 3 items/volumes
Handbook of Computational Chemistry...
The role the Handbook of Computational Chemistry is threefold. It is primarily intended to be used as a guide that navigates the user through the plethora of computational methods currently in use; it explains their limitations and advantages; and it ...
2012, Springer Netherlands...
Book, Hardback, 3 items/volumes
Early years literacy research represents the foundation of literacy education, influencing the trajectory of literacy development as far as the high school years. This collection features key discussions and debates about the application of particular methods within the field,...
2011, SAGE Publications Ltd...
Book, Hardback, 4 items/volumes
Bresinsky, Andreas; Korner, Christian;...
This famous book on botany was published for the first time in 1894 by Eduard Strasburger and his co-workers. The present edition is based on a translation of the 36th edition of the German "Strasburger" and contains additional contributions by renowned experts in the field....
2012, Springer Berlin
Book, 2 items/volumes
One central and enduring image of the social science researcher is of an individual who commits a great deal of time to collecting original, primary data from a field of enquiry. This approach is often underpinned by a sincerely held belief that key research ...
2012, SAGE Publications Ltd...
Book, Hardback, 4 items/volumes
Encyclopedia of Sustainability ...
Sustainability in environmental usage refers to the potential longevity of vital human ecological support systems, such as the planet's climate system, systems of agriculture, industry, forestry, fisheries and the ocean, and fresh water, together with the impact of human communities,...
2012, Springer New York
eBook, Epublication "content package", Electronic book, 12 items/volumes
Dorband, Bernd; Muller, Henriette;...
Handbook of Optical Systems: Metrology ...
Metrology of Optical Components ...
Herbert Gross, born in 1955, joined Carl Zeiss in 1982 after finishing his physics degree as specialist for optical design. Since 1995 he has been working as head of the department of optical design, while also teaching as a lecturer in Aalen and Lausanne. The new handbook is an intuitive,...
2012, Wiley-VCH
Book, Hardback
Critical and Primary Sources
Textiles: Critical and Primary Sources is a major multi-volume reference work that draws together 93 seminal texts on textiles. Textile culture stretches geographic, historical, methodological and disciplinary boundaries, and defies chronological ordering....
2012, A & C Black Publishers ...
Book, Quantity pack, 4 items/volumes
Islamic Philosophy, Science, Culture,...
Studies in Honor of Dimitri Gutas
Islamic intellectual thought is at the center of this collection of articles honoring Dimitri Gutas by friends, colleagues, and former students. The essays cover three main areas: the classical heritage and Islamic culture; classical Arabic science and philosophy;...
2011, Brill
Book, Hardback
Modern Crop Protection Compounds
This one-stop reference for everyone working in the agrochemical business is the leading reference in the field, with first-class authors from all major crop protection companies, including Bayer, Dow, Syngenta and BASF. In three volumes, one each on herbicides, fungicides and insecticides,...
2011, Wiley-VCH
Book, Hardback, 3 items/volumes
Oxford Dictionaries
The Oxford Latin Dictionary is the world's most authoritative dictionary of classical Latin, with comprehensive coverage of the language from its beginnings until AD 200. More than fifty years in the making, and originally published in a series of fascicles (parts) from 1968,...
2012, Oxford University ...
Book, Hardback
![[Set of Handbook and Bibliography]](/annot/426F6F6B446174617C7C393738333131303237323732377C7C434F50.jpg?sq=1 "Villars, Pierre; Cenzual, Karin; Penzo, Marinella")
Villars, Pierre; Cenzual, Karin;...
[Set of Handbook and Bibliography]
Since the discovery of X-ray diffraction in 1913 over 100.000 different inorganic substances (also called compounds or phases) have been structurally characterized. The information has been published in over 72.000 publications spread over 1.000 different scientific journals....
2011, de Gruyter
Book, Hardback, 3 items/volumes
Risk has become one of the main topics in fields as diverse as engineering, medicine and economics, and it is also studied by social scientists and psychologists. But the topic of Risk also leads to more fundamental questions such as: What is Risk? What can decision theory contribute to the analysis of Risk?...
2012, Springer Netherlands...
Book, Hardback, 2 items/volumes
Chen, Harold
Atlas of Genetic Diagnosis and ...
Dr. Chen shares his almost 40 years of clinical genetics practice in a comprehensive pictorial atlas of almost 250 genetic disorders, malformations, and malformation syndromes. The author provides a detailed outline for each disorder, describing its genetics, basic defects,...
2011, Springer, Berlin
Book, Hardback, 3 items/volumes
Collection: Power and Organizations ...
Power theory, as a burgeoning field of study, has had, and continues to have, a huge impact across the social sciences. In particular, there has been considerable innovative work in the fields of organization studies and politics which in turn has fed research in a wide array of related fields,...
2012, SAGE Publications Ltd...
Book, Hardback, 8 items/volumes
Reports of Overseas Private Investment ...
This comprehensive two-volume work is a collection of determinations from OPIC, the US governmental political risk insurance provider, in the form of its Memoranda of Determinations from 1966 through to 2010. An important part of international investment ...
2011, Oxford University ...
Book, Hardback, 2 items/volumes
Berghaus, Gunter; Berghaus, G Nter
International Futurism 1945-2009
A Bibliographic Handbook
Dieser Band enthält eine umfassende bibliographische Aufbereitung von über 25.000 Publikationen und ist als Orientierunghilfe konzipiert für Studenten und Forscher, die Monogaphien und Aufsätze zu den bedeutensten Künstlern und Literaten der futuristischen Kunstbewegung suchen....
2012, de Gruyter
Book, Hardback
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Membrane Technology
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Bibliographic data: Publisher: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH published in: Weinheim, DE ISBN: 978-3-527-60878-2 Edition: 2nd Revised edition Pages: 354 Language: German (de) Size: Width [185 mm] Height [246 mm] Depth [185 mm] Weight: 804 gram Product Type: Non-Books Binding: Other digital Publication Year: 2006 Last Update: 12/13/2011 19:18:48 |
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Membrane technology is a clean and energy saving alternative to traditional/conventional processes. Developed from a useful laboratory technique to a commercial separation technology, today it has widespread and rapidly expanding use in the chemical industry. It has established applications in areas such as hydrogen separation and recovery of organic vapors from process gas streams, and selective transport of organic solvents, and it is opening new perspectives for catalytic conversion in membrane reactors. Membrane technology provides a unique solution for industrial waste treatment and for controlled production of valuable chemicals. This book outlines several established applications of membranes in the chemical industry, reviews the available membranes and membrane processes for the field, and discusses the huge potential of this technology in chemical processes. Each chapter has been written by an international leading expert with extensive industrial experience in the field.
Table of Content Part I: Membrane Materials and Membrane Preparation (S. P. Nunes and K.-V. Peinemann).1 Introduction.2 Membrane Market.3 Membrane Preparation.3.1 Phase Inversion.4 Presently Available Membranes for Liquid Separation.4.1 Membranes for Reverse Osmosis.4.2 Membranes for Nanofiltration.4.2.1 Solvent-resistant Membranes for Nanofiltration.4.2.2 NF Membranes Stable in Extreme pH Conditions.4.3 Membranes for Ultrafiltration.4.3.1 Polysulfone and Polyethersulfone.4.3.2 Poly(vinylidene fluoride).4.3.3 Polyetherimide.4.3.4 Polyacrylonitrile.4.3.5 Cellulose.4.3.6 Solvent-resistant Membranes for Ultrafiltration.4.4 Membranes for Microfiltration.4.4.1 Polypropylene and Polyethylene.4.4.2 Poly(tetrafluorethylene).4.4.3 Polycarbonate and Poly(ethylene terephthalate).5 Surface Modification of Membranes.5.1 Chemical Oxidation.5.2 Plasma Treatment.5.3 Classical Organic Reactions.5.4 Polymer Grafting.6 Membranes for Fuel Cells.6.1 Perfluorinated Membranes.6.2 Nonfluorinated Membranes.6.3 Polymer Membranes for High Temperatures.6.4 Organic-Inorganic Membranes for Fuel Cells.7 Gas Separation with Membranes.7.1 Introduction.7.2 Materials and Transport Mechanisms.7.2.1 Organic Polymers.7.2.2 Background.7.2.3 Polymers for Commercial Gas-separation Membranes.7.2.4 Ultrahigh Free Volume Polymers.7.2.5 Inorganic Materials for Gas-separation Membranes.7.2.6 Carbon Membranes.7.2.7 Perovskite-type Oxide Membranes for Air Separation.7.2.8 Mixed-matrix Membranes.7.3 Basic Process Design.Acknowledgments.References.Part II: Current Application and Perspectives.1 The Separation of Organic Vapors from Gas Streams by Means of Membranes (K. Ohlrogge and K. Sturken).Summary.1.1 Introduction.1.2 Historical Background.1.3 Membranes for Organic Vapor Separation.1.3.1 Principles.1.3.2 Selectivity.1.3.3 Temperature and Pressure.1.3.4 Membrane Modules.1.4 Applications.1.4.1 Design Criteria.1.4.2 Off-gas and Process Gas Treatment.1.4.2.1 Gasoline Vapor Recovery.1.4.2.2 Polyolefin Production Processes.1.5 Applications at the Threshold of Commercialization.1.5.1 Emission Control at Petrol Stations.1.5.2 Natural Gas Treatment.1.5.3 Hydrogen/Hydrocarbon Separation.1.6 Conclusions and Outlook.References.2 Gas-separation Membrane Applications (D. J. Stookey).2.1 Introduction.2.2 Membrane Application Development.2.2.1 Membrane Selection.2.2.2 Membrane Form.2.2.3 Membrane Module Geometry.2.2.4 Compatible Sealing Materials.2.2.5 Module Manufacture.2.2.6 Pilot or Field Demonstration.2.2.7 Process Design.2.2.8 Membrane System.2.2.9 Beta Site.2.2.10 Cost/Performance.2.3 Commercial Gas-separation Membrane Applications.2.3.1 Hydrogen Separations.2.3.2 Helium Separations.2.3.3 Nitrogen Generation.2.3.4 Acid Gas-Separations.2.3.5 Gas Dehydration.2.4 Developing Membrane Applications.2.4.1 Oxygen and Oxygen-enriched Air.2.4.2 Nitrogen Rejection from Natural Gas.2.4.3 Nitrogen-enriched Air (NEA).References.3 State-of-the-Art of Pervaporation Processes in the Chemical Industry (H.E. A. Bruschke).3.1 Introduction.3.2 Principles and Calculations.3.2.1 Definitions.3.2.2 Calculation.3.2.3 Permeate-side Conditions.3.2.4 Transport Resistances.3.2.5 Principles of Pervaporation.3.2.6 Principles of Vapor Permeation.3.3 Membranes.3.3.1 Characterization of Membranes.3.4 Modules.3.4.1 Plate Modules.3.4.2 Spiral-wound Modules.3.4.3 "Cushion" Module.3.4.4 Tubular Modules.3.4.5 Other Modules.3.5 Applications.3.5.1 Organophilic Membranes.3.5.2 Hydrophilic Membranes.3.5.2.1 Pervaporation.3.5.2.2 Vapor Permeation.3.5.3 Removal of Water from Reaction Mixtures.3.5.4 Organic-Organic Separation.3.6 Conclusion.References.4 Organic Solvent Nanofiltration (A. G. Livingston, L. G. Peeva and P. Silva).Summary.4.1 Current Applications and Potential.4.2 Theoretical Background to Transport Processes.4.2.1 Pore-flow Model.4.2.2 Solution-Diffusion Model.4.2.3 Models Combining Membrane Transport with the Film Theory of Mass Transfer.4.3 Transport of Solvent Mixtures.4.3.1 Experimental.4.3.1.1 Filtration Equipment and Experimental Measurements.4.3.2 Results for Binary Solvent Fluxes.4.4 Concentration Polarization and Osmotic Pressure.4.4.1 Experimental.4.4.2 Results for Concentration Polarization and Osmotic Pressure.4.4.2.1 Parameter Estimation.4.4.2.2 Nanofiltration of Docosane-Toluene Solutions.4.4.2.3 Nanofiltration of TOABr-Toluene Solutions.4.5 Conclusions.Nomenclature.Greek letters.Subscripts.References.5 Industrial Membrane Reactors (M.F. Kemmere and J.T. F. Keurentjes).5.1 Introduction.5.2 Membrane Functions in Reactors.5.2.1 Controlled Introduction of Reactants.5.2.2 Separation of Products.5.2.3 Catalyst Retention.5.3 Applications.5.3.1 Pervaporation-assisted Esterification.5.3.2 Large-scale Dehydrogenations with Inorganic Membranes.5.3.3 OTM Syngas Process.5.3.4 Membrane Recycle Reactor for the Acylase Process.5.3.5 Membrane Extraction Integrated Systems.5.4 Concluding Remarks and Outlook to the Future.References.6 Electromembrane Processes (T. A. Davis, V. D. Grebenyuk and O. Grebenyuk).6.1 Ion-exchange Membranes.6.2 Ion-exchange Membrane Properties.6.2.1 Swelling.6.2.2 Electrical Conductivity.6.2.3 Electrochemical Performance.6.2.4 Diffusion Permeability.6.2.5 Hydraulic Permeability.6.2.6 Osmotic Permeability.6.2.7 Electroosmotic Permeability.6.2.8 Polarization.6.2.9 Chemical and Radiation Stability.6.3 Electromembrane Process Application.6.3.1 Electrodialysis.6.3.2 Electrodeionization.6.3.3 Electrochemical Regeneration of Ion-exchange Resin.6.3.4 Synthesis of New Substances without Electrode Reaction Participation: Bipolar-membrane Applications.6.3.5 Isolation of Chemical Substances from Dilute Solutions.6.3.6 Electrodialysis Applications for Chemical-solution Desalination.6.4 Electrochemical Processing with Membranes.6.4.1 Electrochemistry.6.4.2 Chlor-alkali Industry.6.4.3 Perfluorinated Membranes.6.4.4 Process Conditions.6.4.5 Zero-gap Electrode Configurations.6.4.6 Other Electrolytic Processes.6.4.7 Fuel Cells.6.4.8 Electroorganic Synthesis.6.4.9 Electrochemical Oxidation of Organic Wastes.Acknowledgments.List of Symbols.References.7 Membrane Technology in the Chemical Industry: Future Directions (R.W. Baker).7.1 The Past: Basis for Current Membrane Technology.7.1.1 Ultrathin Membranes.7.1.2 Membrane Modules.7.1.3 Membrane Selectivity.7.2 The Present: Current Status and Potential of the Membrane Industry.7.2.1 Reverse Osmosis.7.2.2 Ultrafiltration.7.2.3 Microfiltration.7.2.4 Gas Separation.7.2.4.1 Refinery Hydrogen Applications.7.2.4.2 Nitrogen (and Oxygen) Separation from Air.7.2.4.3 Natural Gas Separations.7.2.4.4 Vapor/Gas, Vapor/Vapor Separations.7.2.5 Pervaporation.7.2.6 Ion-conducting Membranes.7.3 The Future: Predictions for 2020.References.Subject Index. |
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